12th Biology Short Long Type Question Reproduction In Organisms Chapter in English

Reproduction In Organisms

1. Explain the monocarpic fruits with example.

Ans- Plants that flower and give rise to fruits once in their lifetime.

Example – Wheat, Rice, Radish, Carrot, Bamboo etc.

2. Write a note in brief about asexual reproduction in organisms.

Ans. It is the method of reproduction, in which there is no any fusion of male and female gamete during reproduction production. This type of reproduction occurs in lower organisms mainly. 

  Eg.:-  Binary fission, Budding, Spores, Fragmentation etc.

3. What is binary fission? Giving suitable example show it with the help of diagram. 

Ans.:-  Binary fission is a type of Asexual mode of reproduction. In this process, after proper growth and development, there is duplication in chromosome of parent body. Then there is division of nucleus & cytoplasm, resulting into formation of 2 daughter young ones. Each daughter one further grows in size and again divides by binary fission under favourable condition to increase their number of young ones. Two example of such organisms are Amoeba and Paramoecium.

4. Write short notes on Ribosome.

Ans.- Ribosome : A ribosome is a complex cellular mechanism used to translate genetic code into chains of amino acids. Long chains of amino acids fold and function as proteins in cells. The function of a ribosome in any cell is to produce proteins. Proteins are used in almost all cellular functions; as catalysts they speed the time of reactions, as fibers they provide support, and many proteins function in specific tasks, like contracting muscle cells. All proteins start as deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA. A special protein, RNA polymerase, is an enzyme that recognizes sequences in the DNA, binds to them with the help of other proteins, and creates a new information molecule which can travel from the nucleus to the cytosol of the cell. The strand of ribonucleic acid (RNA) produced by RNA polymerase is processed on its way out of the nucleus, and areas of the RNA that do not code for proteins are removed. The molecule is now known as a messenger RNA or mRNA.

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